After some verbs the direct object can be followed by an object complement – a noun or adjective which describes or classifies the object.
Many verbs can be followed by two objects – an indirect object and a direct object. The indirect object usually refers to a person and the direct object usually refers to a thing. Two structures are possible.
Not all verbs can have passive forms. Passive structures are not possible with intransitive verbs like die, cry or arrive, which cannot have objects.
Active verb form: write/writes
Passive verb form: is/am/are + written
When we say what people and things do, we use active verb forms. When we say what happens to people and things – what is done to them – we often use passive verb forms. (още…)
Infinitives are generally used with the marker to. But we use the infinitive without to in some cases.
After the modal auxiliary verbs will, shall, would, should, can, could, may, might and must, we use the infinitive without to. (още…)
Besides simple infinitives like (to) write, there are also progressive, perfect and passive infinitives.
Form: (to) + be + present participle
Examples are: (to) be writing, (to) be reading, (to) be walking etc. (още…)
Functions of the to-infinitive
The to-infinitive as the subject of the sentence.
This is a formal usage and is far more common in written English than spoken: (още…)
The gerund always has the same function as a noun.
A gerund can be the subject in the sentence. Examples:
A verb ending in -ing is either a present participle or a gerund.
These two forms look identical. The difference is in their functions in a sentence.
Present participles are part of the continuous tenses.
The helping verb will indicate the tense, while the present participle remains unchanging. (още…)
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